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Cognitive-Cognitive Dual-task in aging: A cross-sectional online study.

Giulio Contemori¹, Maria Silvia Saccani^1,2, Mario Bonato^1,2

¹Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

|June 7, 2024

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Gerontology

Background:

Rising prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders necessitates better understanding of cognitive aging.
Motor-cognitive dual-tasking is established, but Cognitive-Cognitive Dual-Tasking (CCDT) research is limited.
CCDT shows potential for remote e-Health interventions for cognitive health.

Purpose of the Study:

Evaluate a new online tool for assessing age-related memory differences under dual-tasking.
Examine how healthy aging impacts performance in Cognitive-Cognitive Dual-Tasking.
Investigate the role of cognitive reserve in age-related dual-task performance.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study with 337 healthy adults aged 50-90.
Administered a visual memory test (Memo) under single and dual-task conditions (auditory letter monitoring).
Collected data on subjective memory complaints (MAC-Q), cognitive reserve (CR), and cognitive screening (auto-GEMS).

Main Results:

Visual memory accuracy decreased with age and subjective memory complaints, but increased with cognitive reserve and screening scores.
Dual-tasking significantly impaired memory performance, with a reduced detrimental effect in older adults.
The protective effect of cognitive reserve on memory performance diminished with increasing age.

Conclusions:

Age-related dual-task costs are not uniform across all cognitive tasks and domains.
The developed online tool is suitable for examining age-related cognitive differences in dual-tasking.
Longitudinal studies using this approach could identify individuals at higher risk for cognitive decline.