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Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

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Simple and robust 3D MINFLUX excitation with a variable phase plate.

Takahiro Deguchi¹, Jonas Ries^2,3,4,5

¹European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Cell Biology and Biophysics, Heidelberg, Germany.

Light, Science & Applications

|June 7, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a faster, more robust, and cost-effective module for MINFLUX (MInimal reMoval oF foLd structure) superresolution imaging. The new design enables rapid scanning and switching of excitation patterns for improved single fluorophore localization.

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Area of Science:

Optical microscopy
Nanotechnology
Biophysics

Background:

MINFLUX (MInimal reMoval oF foLd structure) microscopy offers exceptional resolution for superresolution imaging and single fluorophore tracking.
Existing MINFLUX implementations are complex, costly, and limited in speed and robustness.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a high-performance, cost-effective, and robust excitation module for MINFLUX microscopy.
To enhance the speed and versatility of MINFLUX localization through rapid phase scanning.

Main Methods:

Utilized an electro-optical modulator combined with a spatial light modulator to create a variable phase plate.
Generated MHz timescale phase scanning for rapid probing of single fluorophores.
Developed bisected and top-hat phase patterns for compact excitation point-spread functions in 3D.

Main Results:

Achieved microsecond timescale scanning of excitation patterns across fluorophores.
Demonstrated switching times within 60 microseconds and alternation between excitation wavelengths.
Presented a robust 3D and multi-color MINFLUX excitation module design.

Conclusions:

The developed module significantly improves MINFLUX speed, robustness, and cost-effectiveness.
This innovation paves the way for wider adoption of high-performance open-source MINFLUX systems.
The module is envisioned as a key component for future advanced microscopy platforms.