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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

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Risk of Recurrence in Acute Anterior Uveitis.

James T Brodie1, Aliyah Z Thotathil2, Charlotte A Jordan1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Te Whatu Ora Health New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Ophthalmology
|June 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Approximately half of patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) experience recurrence in the same eye, with a quarter experiencing it in the other eye. Viral uveitis presents the highest risk for ipsilateral recurrence.

Keywords:
Anterior uveitisEpidemiologyRecurrence ratesRisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is a common form of intraocular inflammation.
  • Understanding recurrence patterns and risk factors is crucial for managing AAU and preventing vision loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of recurrence in patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU).
  • To identify risk factors associated with AAU recurrence in both the ipsilateral and contralateral eyes.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary ophthalmic center.
  • Data from 2092 patients with AAU between 2008 and 2021 were analyzed.
  • Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox regression models were used to assess recurrence rates and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Recurrence occurred in the ipsilateral eye in 45.5% and the contralateral eye in 27.3% of cases.
  • Older age, Māori and Asian ethnicities, human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27)/inflammatory arthritis, and viral uveitis were associated with increased ipsilateral recurrence risk.
  • Māori and Pasifika ethnicities, and HLA-B27/inflammatory arthritis were risk factors for contralateral eye involvement.

Conclusions:

  • AAU frequently recurs, affecting approximately half of patients in the ipsilateral eye and a quarter in the contralateral eye.
  • Viral uveitis is linked to the highest ipsilateral recurrence risk and lowest contralateral risk.
  • Identifying patients with risk factors for AAU recurrence is essential for appropriate management and counseling to prevent visual impairment.