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Updated: Jun 24, 2025
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Published on: July 3, 2021
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Effect of an aperture in atomic gravimetry
Summary
Shrinking portable atomic gravimeters affects laser beams, causing wavefront ripples. These ripples introduce measurement shifts, but the effect lessens with larger apertures and extended clouds.
Area of Science:
- Atomic physics
- Metrology
- Optical engineering
Background:
- Portable atomic gravimeters are continuously being miniaturized.
- Excitation laser beam truncation in smaller devices causes unquantified wavefront distortions.
- These distortions include phase and intensity ripples due to diffraction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the impact of laser wavefront distortions on atomic gravimeter measurements.
- To analyze the effects of both phase and intensity variations.
- To provide guidance for designing accurate, compact atomic gravimeters.
Main Methods:
- Calculation of phase-induced shifts in gravimeter measurements.
- Analysis of the dependence of these shifts on aperture size.
- Investigation of intensity variations and their effect on photon recoil.
- Modeling of extended atom clouds to observe averaging effects.
Main Results:
- Phase variations in the laser wavefront cause a measurable shift in gravimeter readings.
- This shift exhibits a Gaussian decay with increasing aperture size.
- Extended atom clouds reduce the impact of phase shifts due to averaging.
- Intensity variations introduce a significant correction to photon recoil, comparable to phase shift effects.
Conclusions:
- Wavefront distortions from truncated laser beams significantly affect atomic gravimeter accuracy.
- The observed effects are dependent on aperture size and atom cloud geometry.
- Understanding these effects is crucial for developing smaller, high-accuracy portable gravimeters.
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