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Transverse mode switchable mode-locked laser with narrow bandwidth.

Jiangli Dong, Shan Wang, Yan Zeng

|June 11, 2024

Summary

Researchers generated switchable ultrashort optical pulses with narrow bandwidths using an all-fiber laser and a mode-selective photonic lantern (MSPL). This breakthrough enables exploration of new physical phenomena with tunable higher-order modes.

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Fiber Lasers
Ultrafast Optics

Background:

Generating ultrashort optical pulses with tunable transverse modes is crucial for advanced optical applications.
Existing methods often lack the flexibility for precise mode control and narrow bandwidths.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the generation of transverse mode switchable ultrashort optical pulses with narrow bandwidths.
To explore the capabilities of a mode-selective photonic lantern (MSPL) in an all-fiber mode-locked laser system.

Main Methods:

Utilized an all-fiber mode-locked laser incorporating a mode-selective photonic lantern (MSPL).
Exploited the laser cavity as a ring resonator and intrinsic spectral filter.
Achieved mode-locking for LP01, LP11a, and LP11b modes by changing the MSPL input port.

Main Results:

Generated ultrashort pulses with narrow bandwidths (3.0 nm for LP01, 86.7 pm for LP11a, 101.7 pm for LP11b).
Achieved signal-to-noise ratios better than 60 dB for all modes, enabling transverse mode switching.
Demonstrated wavelength tunability for LP11a and LP11b modes via polarization adjustment.
Showed improved slope efficiency for LP11a and LP11b modes using an LP11 mode pump scheme.

Conclusions:

Successfully generated transverse mode switchable ultrashort pulses with narrow bandwidths using an MSPL-based all-fiber laser.
The MSPL acts as an intrinsic spectral filter, enabling intermodal interference for narrowband higher-order mode generation.
Future work may involve simultaneously phase-locking transverse and longitudinal modes for complex pulse profiles.