Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A...

Kevin Hilbert¹, Ole Jonas Boeken¹, Till Langhammer¹+93

• ¹Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Hilbert, Boeken, Langhammer, Fehm, Lueken); Department of Psychology, Health and Medical University Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany (Hilbert); German Center for Mental Health, Partner Site Berlin/Potsdam, Berlin, Germany (Lueken); Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, and South African Medical Research Council Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (Groenewold); Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (Bas-Hoogendam, Van der Wee); Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands (Bas-Hoogendam); Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, the Netherlands (Bas-Hoogendam, Van der Wee); Forensic Family and Youth Care Studies, Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands (Aghajani); Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location VUMC, Amsterdam (Aghajani, Veltman); Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Zugman, Harrewijn, Pine); Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden (Åhs); Institute for Translational Psychiatry (Arolt, Böhnlein, Dannlowski, Grotegerd, Leehr, Schrammen), Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience (Hofmann, T. Straube), and University Clinic for Radiology (Kugel), University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Behavioral Epidemiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (Beesdo-Baum); Department of Psychology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden (Björkstrand); Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Blackford); MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, and IMIM-CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain (Blanco-Hinojo, Pujol); Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology (Bülow), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (Grabe, Wittfeld), Functional Imaging Unit, Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology (Lotze), and Institute for Community Medicine (Völzke), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain (Cano, Cardoner); Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Cardoner); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid (Cano, Cardoner); Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Cardoner); Department of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K. (Caseras); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany (Domschke); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn. (Feola); Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (Fredrikson); Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Goossens, Schruers); German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (Grabe); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (Gur, Satterthwaite); Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (Hamm, Richter); Department of Psychology, Education, and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (Harrewijn); Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (Heinig, Leonhardt, J. Schäfer); Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (Herrmann); Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (Jackowski, Pan); Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (Larsen); Core-Facility Brain Imaging, Faculty of Medicine (Jansen), and Department of Psychiatry (Krug, Nenadić, F. Stein), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn. (Kaczkurkin); Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam (Kindt, Visser); COMIC Research, Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Leeds, U.K. (Kingsley); Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden (Klahn); LVR-University Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany (Koelkebeck); Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Krug); Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (Margraf); Laboratory of Affective Neuroscience in Poznan, SWPS University, Warsaw, Poland (Michałowski); Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, and Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany (Muehlhan); Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (Pauli, Schulz, Wiemer); Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology, and Methodology, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain (Peñate, Rivero); Translational Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany (Pittig); Department of Medicine, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany (Plag); Department of Experimental Psychopathology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany (Richter); Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Europea de Canarias, La Orotava, Spain (Rivero); Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil (Salum); Department of Psychology (A. Schäfer) and Department of Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience (Stark), Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, and Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior, Universities of Marburg and Giessen (A. Schäfer, Stark), Giessen, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (Schienle, Wabnegger); Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (Schneider); Department of Behavioral Medicine and Principles of Human Biology for the Health Sciences, Universität Trier, Trier, Germany (Schulz); Research Group Security and Privacy, Faculty of Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna (Seidl); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany (Kircher, B. Straube, Yang); Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Ströhle); Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany (Suchan, Wannemüller); Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey (Thomopoulos, Jahanshad, Thompson); Department of Biological Psychology and Affective Science, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany (Ventura-Bort, Wendt); Health Sciences, University of York, York, U.K. (Wright); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis (Zilverstand); KBO-Inn-Salzach-Klinikum, Wasserburg am Inn, Germany (Zwanzger); Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Zwanzger); Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville (Winkler); South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (D.J. Stein); Department of Education, Information, and Communications Technology and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway (Jackowski).