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The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Real-time Imaging of Myeloid Cells Dynamics in ApcMin/+ Intestinal Tumors by Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy

Real-time Imaging of Myeloid Cells Dynamics in ApcMin/+ Intestinal Tumors by Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy

Published on: October 6, 2014

Mapping myeloid cell function: Spatial diversity in tumor and neuronal microenvironment.

Giulia Villa¹, Daniel Delev², Dieter Henrik Heiland³

¹Department of Translational Neurosurgery, Alexander-Friedrich-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

|June 11, 2024

Summary

Researchers found that TREM2 has a dual role in myeloid cells within glioblastoma. It promotes inflammation at the tumor-neural interface but suppresses it in the tumor core, offering new immunotherapy strategies.

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Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Real-time Imaging of Myeloid Cells Dynamics in ApcMin/+ Intestinal Tumors by Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy

Real-time Imaging of Myeloid Cells Dynamics in ApcMin/+ Intestinal Tumors by Spinning Disk Confocal Microscopy

Published on: October 6, 2014

Visualization, Quantification, and Mapping of Immune Cell Populations in the Tumor Microenvironment

Visualization, Quantification, and Mapping of Immune Cell Populations in the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: March 25, 2020

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuro-oncology
Immunology
Cancer Biology

Background:

Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor with a complex tumor microenvironment.
Myeloid cells play a critical role in glioblastoma progression and immune evasion.
TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) is a key receptor on myeloid cells, but its precise role in glioblastoma is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the specific functions of TREM2 in different regions of the glioblastoma microenvironment.
To elucidate the impact of TREM2 on glioblastoma-associated myeloid cells and their inflammatory functions.
To explore the potential of targeting TREM2 for novel neuro-oncological immunotherapies.

Main Methods:

Single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze myeloid cell populations.
Spatial transcriptomics to map gene expression within the tumor.
In vivo and in vitro functional assays to assess TREM2 activity.

Main Results:

TREM2 expression and function vary significantly between the tumor-neural interface and the tumor core.
At the tumor-neural interface, TREM2 promotes inflammatory responses in myeloid cells.
Within the tumor core, TREM2 exhibits immunosuppressive functions, influenced by the local microenvironment.

Conclusions:

TREM2 plays a context-dependent, dual role in glioblastoma myeloid cells.
Understanding TREM2's regional functions is crucial for developing effective glioblastoma immunotherapies.
Targeting TREM2 offers a promising avenue for future neuro-oncological treatment strategies.