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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Lineage-reprogramming of Pericyte-derived Cells of the Adult Human Brain into Induced Neurons

Lineage-reprogramming of Pericyte-derived Cells of the Adult Human Brain into Induced Neurons

Published on: May 12, 2014

Progress of reprogramming astrocytes into neuron.

Sitong Liu¹, Ximing Xu¹, Emmanuel Omari-Siaw²

¹School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; The International Institute on Natural Products and Stem Cells (iNPS), Zhenjiang, China; Key Lab for Drug Delivery & Tissue Regeneration, Zhenjiang, China; Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Medicinal Function Development of New Food Resources, Zhenjiang, China.

Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences

|June 11, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neurons cannot regenerate after injury or disease, impacting patient quality of life. Somatic cell reprogramming, specifically converting astrocytes into neurons, offers a promising therapeutic approach to replace lost neurons.

Keywords:

Astrocyte Neuron Reprogramming Small molecule Transcription factor miRNA

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Lineage-reprogramming of Pericyte-derived Cells of the Adult Human Brain into Induced Neurons

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Published on: May 12, 2014

Culturing In Vivo-like Murine Astrocytes Using the Fast, Simple, and Inexpensive AWESAM Protocol

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Published on: January 10, 2018

Isolation and Direct Neuronal Reprogramming of Mouse Astrocytes

Isolation and Direct Neuronal Reprogramming of Mouse Astrocytes

Published on: July 7, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Regenerative Medicine
Cell Biology

Background:

Neurons are crucial for central nervous system (CNS) function but lack regenerative capacity after damage.
Neurodegenerative diseases and trauma lead to irreversible neuron loss, causing severe patient disability.
Current treatments for neuron loss are limited, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the potential of somatic cell reprogramming for neuron regeneration.
To investigate astrocytes as a viable cell source for neuronal replacement therapy.
To evaluate the feasibility of in vitro and in vivo reprogramming of astrocytes into functional neurons.

Main Methods:

Somatic cell reprogramming techniques were employed to convert astrocytes into neurons.
Experiments were conducted both in vitro (cell cultures) and in vivo (within a living organism).
The study focused on leveraging astrocytes' endogenous abundance and homology to neurons.

Main Results:

Astrocytes were successfully reprogrammed into neurons using various methods.
Demonstrated the potential for in vitro and in vivo neuronal conversion from astrocytes.
Highlighted astrocytes as a promising cell type for therapeutic neuronal replacement.

Conclusions:

Somatic cell reprogramming, particularly of astrocytes, presents a viable strategy for neuron regeneration.
This approach overcomes limitations associated with stem cell therapy, such as ethical concerns and immune rejection.
Further research into astrocyte-to-neuron conversion holds significant clinical potential for treating neurological disorders.