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Updated: Jun 24, 2025
3-D Imaging and Analysis of Neurons Infected In Vivo with Toxoplasma gondii
Published on: December 9, 2014
Chronic Retinal Necrosis Associated with Toxoplasma Gondii
Alessandro Marchese1, Gaia L'Abbate1, Francesco Bandello1
1Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Introduction:
Chronic retinal necrosis encompasses severe occlusive retinal vasculitis, granular retinitis, and vitritis. This phenotype has been observed in patients with limited immune dysfunction, cytomegalovirus (CMV) uveitis, and negative serology for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Methods:
Case series.
Results:
We present two cases: an 85-year-old female and a 76-year-old male, both displaying unusual occlusive panretinal vasculopathy associated with long-standing necrotizing retinitis and vitritis. Anterior chamber taps with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were negative for herpesviruses and positive for Toxoplasma gondii in both cases. These findings are consistent with chronic retinal necrosis associated with toxoplasma gondii.
Conclusions:
In elderly patients or those with limited immune dysfunction who present with chronic retinal necrosis, Toxoplasma gondii should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
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