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Related Concept Videos

Panic Disorder01:27

Panic Disorder

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Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
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Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

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The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
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Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
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Introduction to Psychological Disorders01:19

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Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
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Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
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Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

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Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
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Abnormal insula network characteristics in panic disorder.

Linlin You1, Wenhao Jiang2, Taipeng Sun3

  • 1Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.

Revista Brasileira De Psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)
|June 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Panic disorder (PD) is linked to abnormal brain networks, particularly reduced functional connectivity (FC) and nodal efficiency (Ne) within the insula. These findings suggest impaired information integration contributes to PD symptoms.

Keywords:
Panic disorderfunctional connectioninsular cortexmodular networktopology properties

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Panic disorder (PD) is a prevalent and disabling condition marked by recurrent panic attacks.
  • Emotional and behavioral deficits in PD are associated with functional connectivity (FC) and network abnormalities in the brain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whole-brain functional connectivity (FC), modular networks, and graph-theory properties in individuals with panic disorder (PD).
  • To explore extensive network profiles and identify abnormalities in brain network organization in PD.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were analyzed from 82 subjects with PD and 97 healthy controls.
  • Intrinsic FC was assessed between 160 brain regions, along with six intra-network and 15 inter-network FCs.
  • Topological properties of brain networks were analyzed using graph-theory metrics.

Main Results:

  • PD patients exhibited altered FCs in regions including the insula, frontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), cerebellum, and occipital cortex.
  • Reduced connectivity was observed within the sensorimotor network (SMN) and between the SMN and occipital network (OCN).
  • Significant correlations were found between PD symptom severity and decreased nodal efficiency (Ne) and intra-insula FC.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with PD demonstrate abnormal functional brain networks.
  • Decreased FC and Ne within the insula are prominent findings in PD.
  • Dysfunction in brain information integration appears to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of PD.