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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents

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Postpartum Excessive Social Support Scale: A Scale Development and Psychometric Testing Study.

Hülya Türkmen¹, Nazan Tuna Oran², Serpil Gürol³

¹Balıkesir University, Turkey.

Journal of Transcultural Nursing : Official Journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society

|June 14, 2024

Summary

This study developed the Postpartum Excessive Social Support Scale (PESSS) to measure overwhelming social support affecting maternal roles in collectivist cultures. The validated 20-item scale helps healthcare professionals identify and address excessive environmental pressures on new mothers.

Keywords:

collectivist culture excessive social support maternal role postpartum period

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Area of Science:

Maternal Health
Psychometrics
Sociology of Family

Background:

Child-rearing in collectivist cultures involves extensive family support, primarily from female relatives.
Excessive or controlling social factors can negatively impact maternal roles during the postpartum period.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and psychometrically evaluate a measurement tool, the Postpartum Excessive Social Support Scale (PESSS).
To identify and quantify excessive social support that may hinder maternal role adaptation.

Main Methods:

Scale development involved expert review and online administration of a draft scale to 440 postpartum mothers (1-6 weeks).
Psychometric evaluation included exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach's alpha for reliability, and tests for response bias and additivity.

Main Results:

The Postpartum Excessive Social Support Scale (PESSS) demonstrated strong content validity (CVI=0.80) and internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha=0.936).
Factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure explaining 64.197% of the variance: social pressure, environmental effects on paternal and maternal roles, and mother-infant interaction barriers.
The scale showed no response bias and was additive, with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.916.

Conclusions:

The 20-item PESSS is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring excessive social support in the early postpartum period (1-6 weeks).
This scale can assist healthcare professionals in identifying mothers experiencing detrimental social pressures, enabling targeted postpartum care and support.