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EVALUATION OF A NOVEL POINT-OF-CARE VISCOELASTIC COAGULATION MONITOR WITH COMPARISON TO THROMBOELASTOGRAPHY AND CONVENTIONAL COAGULATION PARAMETERS IN MANAGED CARE CHIMPANZEES (<i>PAN TROGLODYTES</i>).

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DEVELOPING A THROMBOELASTOGRAPHY ASSAY IN ELASMOBRANCHS.

Kayla L Bonadie1, Alex M Lynch2, Laura K Ruterbories1

  • 1North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine : Official Publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians
|June 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Establishing a reliable thromboelastography (TEG) protocol for elasmobranchs using fresh whole blood and RapidTEG is crucial for diagnosing hemostatic disorders in sharks and rays. This advancement aids in veterinary care for these unique marine animals.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Marine Biology

Background:

  • Thromboelastography (TEG) is a valuable hemostatic assay, but its application in nonmammalian species, particularly elasmobranchs, is limited due to physiological differences and reagent unavailability.
  • Antemortem diagnosis of coagulopathies in elasmobranchs is challenging, hindering timely and effective treatment for hemostatic or hemorrhagic diseases.
  • Existing hemostatic assays lack taxon-specific reagents and struggle with the unique physiology of elasmobranchs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a standardized thromboelastography (TEG) protocol for elasmobranchs.
  • To improve the antemortem evaluation of hemostasis in elasmobranchs.
  • To facilitate advanced diagnostic and treatment options for elasmobranchs under human care.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated multiple clotting initiators (RapidTEG, citrated kaolin, Reptilase, species brain-derived thromboplastin) with different elasmobranch plasma and whole blood samples.
  • Compared TEG results using frozen-thawed citrated plasma, fresh citrated plasma, and fresh whole citrated blood.
  • Assessed the consistency and reliability of TEG reactions across various reagents and sample types.

Main Results:

  • Plasma samples from elasmobranchs demonstrated inconsistent clotting, leading to unreliable TEG results.
  • TEG analyses using fresh whole blood consistently produced measurable reactions with multiple clotting initiators.
  • The most reliable and reproducible elasmobranch TEG results were achieved using fresh whole citrated blood combined with the RapidTEG clot initiation reagent.

Conclusions:

  • A novel elasmobranch thromboelastography (TEG) protocol utilizing fresh whole blood and RapidTEG has been successfully established.
  • This protocol provides a reliable method for assessing elasmobranch hemostasis, overcoming previous limitations with plasma-based assays.
  • The developed TEG method is expected to significantly enhance the diagnosis and management of hemostatic disorders in elasmobranchs within veterinary settings.