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The effect of choice on memory across development.

Zhuolei Ding1, Wenqing Li2, Chuansheng Chen3

  • 1Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|June 16, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The choice to make decisions enhances memory in children and early adolescents. This memory boost from choice diminishes significantly during later adolescence and early adulthood.

Keywords:
AdolescenceChoiceInternal motivatorMemoryValue

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Choice-making is a known internal motivator for improved performance.
  • Recent research on the choice effect has primarily focused on adult memory.
  • Understanding the developmental trajectory of choice's impact on memory is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trend of the choice effect on memory across childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood.
  • To determine how the influence of choice on memory changes with age.
  • To identify the age ranges where choice significantly impacts memory recall.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted seven experiments with 512 participants aged 5 to 26 years.
  • Utilized a choice encoding task with manipulated opportunities for participants to make choices.
  • Administered memory tests following the choice encoding task and performed a mini meta-analysis.

Main Results:

  • The choice effect on memory was significant in childhood and early adolescence.
  • The choice effect on memory was not significant in late adolescence and early adulthood.
  • Statistically significant developmental changes in the choice effect were observed, particularly during the transition from early to late adolescence.

Conclusions:

  • The internal value derived from making choices decreases across human development.
  • The findings highlight developmental differences in how choice influences memory.
  • This research contributes to a deeper understanding of cognitive development and motivation.