Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Stenosis of the Inferior Vena Cava: A Murine Model of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Published on: December 22, 2017
Persistent Peril: Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in a Patient With Protein S Deficiency
Ali Ghorbani1, Jamie Greathouse2, Sina Bakhshaei3
1Internal Medicine, Southwest Healthcare, Temecula, USA.
Abstract:
The clotting system has evolved as an adaptive mechanism to prevent blood loss during vascular damage. However, the intricate nature of the clotting cascade and the complexities of human life can sometimes lead to the unnatural activation of this delicate cascade. This can result in blood clot formation within the cardiovascular system, contributing to a wide range of pathological conditions. Abnormal intravascular coagulation most commonly occurs in the deep veins of the lower extremities, and can emboli to other organs, hence, it is termed "venous thromboembolism" (VTE). In this report, we introduce a challenging case of VTE that poses a dilemma for current medical management. The patient with possible protein S deficiency underwent various guideline-directed medical treatments, yet experienced recurrent VTE episodes, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), leading to hospital readmissions. This case report sheds light on our challenges in effectively treating VTE.
Related Concept Videos
Disorders of Hemostasis
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
Overview of Systemic Veins
The coronary sinus, the heart's principal vein, resides in the coronary sulcus on the heart's posterior aspect. This broad venous channel receives nearly all venous blood from the myocardium, the heart muscle. It is fed by three primary veins: the great cardiac vein, the...
Venous Return
What is Venous Return?
Venous return refers to the rate at which blood flows back to the heart from the body's peripheral veins. It's an integral part of the circulatory system...
Overview of Protein Metabolism
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

