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Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...
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Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
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Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
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Periodontitis is associated with impaired olfactory function: A clinical study.

Luisa Schertel Cassiano1, Anne Birkeholm Jensen1, Julie Pajaniaye1

  • 1Section for Oral Ecology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Journal of Periodontal Research
|June 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Periodontitis, a gum disease, is linked to reduced sense of smell. This study found that individuals with periodontitis experienced significant olfactory impairment, affecting smell detection, discrimination, and identification.

Keywords:
chemosensory disordersolfactionperiodontal diseaseperiodontitis

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Area of Science:

  • Oral health research
  • Sensory neuroscience
  • Public health

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting oral health.
  • Olfactory disorders can significantly impact quality of life.
  • The relationship between oral health and olfactory function remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between periodontitis and olfactory function.
  • To quantify the impact of periodontitis on different aspects of smell perception.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical study involving 198 participants aged 18-60 in Denmark.
  • Periodontitis assessed using AAP/EFP classification; olfactory function measured by Threshold, Discrimination, and Identification (TDI) scores.
  • Structural equation modeling used to analyze the association, controlling for covariates like smoking and COVID-19 history.

Main Results:

  • Periodontitis was significantly associated with lower overall olfactory function (SC -0.264).
  • Specific olfactory components were also negatively impacted: Threshold (SC -0.207), Discrimination (SC -0.149), and Identification (SC -0.161).
  • The TDI Global Score was also reduced in individuals with periodontitis (SC -0.234).

Conclusions:

  • Periodontitis is associated with impaired olfactory function.
  • Findings suggest a potential link between gum disease and smell disorders.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms underlying this association.