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Instability Compensation of Recording Interferometer in Phase-Sensitive OTDR.

Konstantin V Stepanov1, Andrey A Zhirnov1, Tatyana V Gritsenko1

  • 1Laser and Optoelectronic Systems Department, Radio Electronics and Laser Technology Faculty, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya 5-1, 105005 Moscow, Russia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method enhances phase measurement accuracy in phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) by using a 3x3 fiber coupler Mach-Zehnder interferometer. This approach suppresses errors from interferometer and laser instabilities, improving signal detection and enabling temperature tracking.

Keywords:
acoustic monitoringdistributed fiber optic sensorfiber optic sensorphase-sensitive OTDRweak fiber Bragg gratings (WFBG)

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Optical Sensing
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) is crucial for fiber optic sensing.
  • Phase measurement errors, stemming from interferometer and laser instabilities, limit OTDR accuracy.
  • Existing methods for phase unwrapping error reduction are often insufficient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and experimentally validate a novel method for phase measurement error suppression in phase-sensitive OTDR.
  • To enhance the accuracy and reliability of phase measurements in OTDR systems.
  • To develop a method robust against common-mode noise and environmental fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer utilizing 3x3 fiber couplers for enhanced stability.
  • Utilization of all three photodetectors within the interferometer for comprehensive data acquisition.
  • Development and application of a novel compensation scheme for accurate phase measurements.
  • Experimental validation comparing measurements with and without the proposed compensation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method significantly suppresses phase measurement errors caused by interferometer and laser source instabilities.
  • Employing three photodetectors improves phase unwrapping accuracy compared to using a single pair.
  • The novel compensation scheme demonstrates a significant improvement in signal detection.
  • The method enables tracking of slow temperature changes, a capability lacking in systems using simple low-pass filters.

Conclusions:

  • The developed technique effectively compensates for common-mode noise, leading to superior phase measurement accuracy in phase-sensitive OTDR.
  • The use of a 3x3 fiber coupler-based interferometer and a three-photodetector scheme offers a robust solution for OTDR error suppression.
  • This advancement broadens the applicability of phase-sensitive OTDR, including its use for environmental monitoring like temperature tracking.