Severe anaphylaxis after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell injection: a case report

Area of Science:

• Immunotherapy
• Oncology
• Cellular Therapy

Background:

• Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown efficacy in treating hematologic malignancies.
• Adverse events are closely monitored in clinical trials and real-world applications.

Observation:

• A case of severe anaphylaxis with cardiac arrest occurred post-tisagenlecleucel infusion for Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma.
• The patient recovered after prompt resuscitation and intensive care.

Findings:

• Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System revealed multiple instances of severe anaphylaxis following CAR-T cell infusions.
• Anaphylaxis, though not previously highlighted in pivotal CAR-T studies, is a potential adverse event.

Implications:

• Clinicians should consider anaphylaxis as a potential side effect of CAR-T cell therapy.
• Future CAR-T cell studies should prospectively include anaphylaxis monitoring and reporting.
• Enhanced vigilance and preparedness for managing anaphylaxis are crucial for patient safety in CAR-T cell therapy.