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Alarm functions of PD-1+ brain resident memory T cells
Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|June 19, 2024
Summary
Resident memory T cells (T RM) in the brain can rapidly activate immune cells and remodel the central nervous system (CNS) immune landscape. Despite expressing PD-1, these T RM effectively trigger neuroinflammation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Cellular immunology
- T cell biology
Background:
- Resident memory T cells (T RM) orchestrate immune responses in barrier tissues.
- The function of brain T RM, particularly their 'alarm' function and role of PD-1 in the CNS, remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the 'alarm' function of brain T RM in the CNS.
- To determine the impact of PD-1 expression on reactivated brain T RM responses.
- To elucidate the role of T RM in CNS immune landscape remodeling.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of T RM function in the CNS.
- Investigation of immune cell activation and recruitment.
- Assessment of PD-1's role in T RM-mediated responses.
Main Results:
- Brain T RM are sufficient to rapidly remodel the CNS immune landscape.
- T RM activate microglia, DCs, NK cells, B cells, expand Tregs, and recruit macrophages and monocytic DCs.
- PD-1 restrains granzyme B expression but not cytotoxicity or downstream alarm responses in reactivated T RM.
Conclusions:
- Resident memory T cells (T RM) are potent drivers of rapid immune activation and recruitment in the CNS.
- T RM may play a significant, previously unappreciated role in neuroinflammation.
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