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Cohort profile: the Johns Hopkins COVID Long Study (JHCLS)-a US nationwide prospective cohort study

Eryka Wentz1, Zhanmo Ni2, Karine Yenokyan3

  • 1Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA ewentz1@jhu.edu.

BMJ Open
|June 21, 2024
PubMed

Insights

The Johns Hopkins COVID Long Study tracks long COVID symptoms in over 17,000 adults. Most participants had symptoms during acute infection, with 63% meeting the long COVID definition.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) presents significant short- and long-term health challenges globally.
  • Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, commonly known as long COVID, manifest as a wide range of symptoms impacting multiple organ systems.
  • Understanding the natural history, progression, and resolution of long COVID symptoms is crucial for patient care and public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively investigate the short- and long-term consequences of COVID-19.
  • To examine the progression and resolution of symptoms associated with long COVID over time.
  • To analyze data from individuals with and without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • The Johns Hopkins COVID Long Study utilizes an online survey to collect self-reported data.
  • The study includes a large cohort of adults, with a significant number having a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Baseline characteristics of participants, including pre-infection health status and acute COVID-19 symptoms, are described.

Main Results:

  • The study enrolled 16,764 adults with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and 799 controls.
  • Among those with a history of infection, 75% reported excellent pre-infection health, 99% experienced acute symptoms, and 9.9% were hospitalized.
  • Using the WHO definition, 63% of participants with a history of infection were classified as having long COVID.

Conclusions:

  • This cohort profile provides baseline data for the ongoing Johns Hopkins COVID Long Study.
  • The study is well-positioned to examine the longitudinal course of long COVID symptoms.
  • Future analyses will focus on the dynamics of symptom progression and resolution in a large, diverse cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Chronic DiseaseEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIESINFECTIOUS DISEASES

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