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Related Concept Videos

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

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In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
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Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

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Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
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Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

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Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
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Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

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Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
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Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
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Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration02:36

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration

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A significant aspect of hydroboration–oxidation is the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn...
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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production
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Boron carbon nitride as efficient oxygen reduction reaction support.

Fang Liu1, Dazhi Gao1, Fangqing Wang2

  • 1School of Material Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Dingzigu Road 1, Tianjin 300130, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Boron Nitride Micro and Nano Materials, Guangrongdao Road 29, Tianjin 300130, PR China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|June 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces Boron Carbon Nitrogen (BCN) as a novel support for platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) in oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). Pt/BCN catalysts demonstrate superior durability and enhanced performance compared to traditional Pt/C, promising advancements in fuel cells and batteries.

Keywords:
Boron carbon nitrideDurabilityElectronic metal-support interactionOxygen reduction reactionSupport

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is vital for energy conversion devices like fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
  • Boron Carbon Nitrogen (BCN) is a novel material offering high surface area, corrosion resistance, and electrochemical stability, making it suitable for catalytic applications.
  • Traditional platinum catalysts on carbon supports (Pt/C) suffer from degradation, limiting their long-term efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a more durable and efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
  • To investigate the potential of Boron Carbon Nitrogen (BCN) as a support material for anchoring platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs).
  • To enhance the electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) for improved catalyst stability and performance.

Main Methods:

  • Anchoring platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) onto a Boron Carbon Nitrogen (BCN) support to create Pt/BCN electrocatalysts.
  • Electrochemical characterization, including half-wave potential measurements, to evaluate catalytic activity.
  • Durability testing over 10,000 and 50,000 cycles to assess catalyst stability.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to understand the electronic interactions between Pt and the BCN support.

Main Results:

  • The Pt/BCN catalyst exhibited a higher half-wave potential (0.927 V) compared to commercial Pt/C (0.879 V) and Pt/XC-72R (0.857 V).
  • After 10,000 durability cycles, Pt/XC-72R and commercial Pt/C experienced mass activity (MA) decreases of 67% and 75%, respectively.
  • Pt/BCN showed significantly improved durability, with only a 54% decrease in MA after 50,000 cycles.
  • Experimental data and DFT calculations confirmed a strong electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) between Pt and BCN, enhancing catalyst stability.

Conclusions:

  • Boron Carbon Nitrogen (BCN) serves as an effective support material for platinum nanoparticles in ORR catalysis.
  • The strong electronic metal-support interaction (EMSI) between Pt and BCN prevents nanoparticle migration and aggregation, leading to enhanced durability.
  • Pt/BCN represents a promising alternative to traditional Pt/C catalysts, offering improved stability and performance for energy conversion systems.