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Episodic foresight, episodic memory, and executive functions in children engaged with Child Protective Services: The

Sanmya Salomão1, Ana Catarina Canário1, Orlanda Cruz1

  • 1Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|June 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Adverse childhood experiences negatively impact children's future thinking. For children involved with Child Protective Services (CPS), cumulative risk factors significantly impair episodic foresight, with episodic memory and cognitive flexibility playing key roles.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Welfare Research

Background:

  • Childhood exposure to risk and adversity can impair cognitive abilities.
  • Children involved with Child Protective Services (CPS) face cumulative risk factors, potentially leading to greater detrimental effects.
  • Limited understanding exists regarding children's future thinking under adverse circumstances and its relationship with memory and executive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate episodic foresight abilities in school-aged children involved with CPS.
  • To examine the associations between episodic foresight, episodic memory, and executive functions in this population.
  • To determine how cumulative risk exposure influences these cognitive associations.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed episodic foresight, episodic memory, executive functions, and cumulative risk factors.
  • Analyzed data from a sample of 95 school-aged children engaged with CPS in Portugal.
  • Employed statistical analyses to explore predictive relationships and moderation effects.

Main Results:

  • Cumulative risk exposure was found to have a detrimental effect on the episodic foresight abilities of CPS-involved children.
  • Episodic memory and cognitive flexibility emerged as significant predictors of episodic foresight.
  • Cumulative risk exposure moderated the relationship between episodic memory and episodic foresight.

Conclusions:

  • This study enhances understanding of how multiple adversities impact CPS-involved children's episodic foresight.
  • Findings highlight the crucial roles of episodic memory and cognitive flexibility in future thinking for vulnerable children.
  • The results underscore the significant influence of cumulative risk on cognitive development in children under protective services supervision.

Keywords:
Child Protective ServicesCumulative riskEpisodic foresightEpisodic memoryExecutive functionsSchool-aged children

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