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Tumor cells do not arise frequently.

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII

|January 1, 1985

Summary

Tumor cells likely do not arise frequently, challenging the immune surveillance hypothesis. New findings suggest natural resistance and immune surveillance play a limited role in preventing rare tumor formations.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Cancer Research

Background:

The prevailing hypothesis suggests frequent daily tumor cell formation, with immune surveillance eliminating most.
This concept faced challenges, leading to research on natural resistance against nascent tumor cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review existing data on natural resistance and immune surveillance in tumor immunology.
To re-evaluate the frequency of tumor cell development based on current evidence.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on natural resistance and immune surveillance.
Analysis of data linking immune mechanisms to tumor incidence.

Main Results:

Evidence indicates a lack of efficient natural resistance capable of eliminating numerous de novo tumor cells.
Absence of immune surveillance and/or natural resistance does not necessarily lead to tumor formation, suggesting tumors arise infrequently.

Conclusions:

Tumor cells likely arise infrequently, contrary to previous hypotheses.
Immune surveillance and natural resistance may act as mechanisms that handle rare tumor cell occurrences, influenced by tumor antigenicity and sensitivity to cell-killing processes.

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