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Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Reaction Induced By Liraglutide With Tolerance to Semaglutide
Ricardo Moreno-Borque1, Guillermo Guhl-Millán1, Sara Mera-Carreiro2
1Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
JCEM Case Reports
|June 24, 2024
Summary
Liraglutide, a GLP-1 agonist for diabetes and obesity, can cause delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Allergy testing confirmed a case of localized skin reactions after liraglutide injection.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Dermatology
- Clinical Pharmacology
Background:
- Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is widely used for type 2 diabetes and obesity management.
- It was the first GLP-1 agonist approved for obesity treatment by major regulatory bodies.
- While skin adverse reactions are documented, hypersensitivity reactions to liraglutide remain underreported.
Observation:
- A 56-year-old female patient with class 3 obesity developed well-defined, erythematous, pruriginous plaques around injection sites.
- These reactions occurred approximately 24 hours after subcutaneous liraglutide (Saxenda) administration.
- The patient's presentation suggested a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction.
Findings:
- A suspected liraglutide-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction was diagnosed.
- Allergy testing and histopathological studies confirmed the diagnosis.
- This case highlights a rare but significant adverse reaction to liraglutide.
Implications:
- Understanding and managing liraglutide hypersensitivity is critical for patient safety.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and prevalence of these reactions.
- This case informs clinical practice regarding the safe use of liraglutide in obese patients.
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