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Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Functionalized Spirocyclic Heterocycle Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay
Published on: February 9, 2021
Update on thiopyran-fused heterocycle synthesis (2013-2024)
Ani Deepthi1, Sruthi Sudheendran Leena1, Devika Krishnan1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Trivandrum - 695581, Kerala, India. anideepthi@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Thiopyrans and their fused derivatives have significant synthetic relevance owing to their biological importance and occurrence in natural products. The current article provides an overview of synthetic strategies employed for the construction of thiopyran-fused heterocycles. In particular, this article discusses synthetic methods for the fusion of thiopyran with heterocycles such as indole, quinoline, pyrimidine, pyridine, thiophene, chromene, oxazole, pyrazole, pyran and furan and covers the literature from 2013 to 2024. The most common precursors for thiopyrano[2,3-b]indoles, thiopyranoquinolines and thiopyranothiazoles are indoline-2-thione, 2-mercaptoquinoline-3-carbaldehyde and thiazolidinone, respectively, and various reactions involving these are described in detail here. Asymmetric syntheses of thiopyranoindoles achieved using chiral catalysts based on thiourea, proline and metal complexes are also included. The biological activity associated with some compounds is also discussed.
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