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Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Revealing Dynamic Processes of Materials in Liquids Using Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy
Published on: December 20, 2012
New Avenues for Capturing Mineralization Events at Biomaterial Interfaces with Liquid-Transmission Electron
Liza-Anastasia DiCecco1,2, Jing Zhang1, Travis Casagrande3
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
Abstract:
Liquid-transmission electron microscopy (liquid-TEM) provides exciting potential for capturing mineralization events at biomaterial interfaces, though it is largely unexplored. To address this, we established a unique approach to visualize calcium phosphate (CaP)-titanium (Ti) interfacial mineralization events by combining the nanofabrication of Ti lamellae by focused ion beam with in situ liquid-TEM. Multiphasic CaP particles were observed to nucleate, adhere, and form different assemblies onto and adjacent to Ti lamellae. Here, we discuss new approaches for exploring the interaction between biomaterials and liquids at the nanoscale. Driving this technology is crucial for understanding and controlling biomineralization to improve implant osseointegration and direct new pathways for mineralized tissue disease treatment in the future.
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