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Updated: Jun 23, 2025
The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
Published on: February 5, 2021
Is preoperative IABP insertion significantly reducing postoperative complication in augmented high-risk coronary
Faizus Sazzad1, Hai Dong Luo2, Guohao Chang2
1Department of Surgery, Centre for Translational Medicine, National University of Singapore, MD6, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599, Singapore. surmfs@nus.edu.sg.
Background:
The aim of this study was to determine whether pre-operative intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) insertion improves surgical outcomes in high-risk coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients.
Methods:
Patients with a EuroSCORE II greater than 1.2% who underwent CABG from 2009 to 2016 were included in the study, while those who utilized intra-operative or post-operative IABP were excluded. The analysis included a total of 2907 patients, with 377 patients undergoing preoperative IABP insertion (EuroSCORE II > 5.018%) and 1198 patients in the non-IABP group before matching; after propensity score matching (PSM), both groups consisted of a matched cohort of 250 patients.
Results:
30-day mortality events occurred in 9 (3.6%) non-IABP group and in 12 (4.8%) IABP patients (OR: 1.33 95%CI: 0.52-3.58). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups in mortality up to one year after the operation (p = 0.72). On multivariate analysis, IABP usage among the PSM patients was associated with lower 30-day mortality (OR: 0.28, 95%CI: 0.07-0.92, P-value = 0.043), 90-day mortality (OR: 0.26, 95%CI: 0.08-0.78, P-value = 0.022) and reduced risk of developing severe respiratory disorders (OR: 0.10, 95%CI:0.01-0.50, P-value = 0.011).
Conclusion:
Pre-operative IABP use in high-risk patients reduces 30- and 90-day mortality rates, along with a notable decrease in rates of severe respiratory disorders.
