Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

18.8K

Treatment of Severe Hyperglycemia in Extremely Preterm Infants Using Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Therapy

Merle Böettger1, Tony Zhou2, Jennifer Knopp2

  • 1Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Perinatal Neurobiology Research Group, Oldenburg, Germany

Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology
|June 25, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) is feasible for extremely preterm infants, but requires higher doses than intravenous (IV) insulin and improved dose control. Hypoglycemia was rare in both CSII and IV groups.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Intensive Care

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia in preterm infants often requires insulin therapy.
  • Intravenous (IV) insulin can lead to hypoglycemia.
  • Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) is an alternative treatment method.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of CSII for managing hyperglycemia in extremely preterm infants.
  • To compare CSII with IV insulin therapy in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from extremely preterm infants (<28 weeks gestation) receiving CSII.
  • Comparison with a control group of very preterm infants receiving IV insulin.
  • Monitoring of blood glucose, nutritional, and insulin intake.

Main Results:

  • Normoglycemia rates were lower with CSII (15.6%) compared to IV insulin (50.3%).
  • Hypoglycemia was rare in both groups (0.4% vs. 0.0%).
  • CSII required higher insulin doses than IV therapy.

Conclusions:

  • CSII is feasible in extremely preterm infants, particularly for preventing hypoglycemia.
  • Further research is needed to optimize CSII protocols and dose control in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusionextremely preterm infantshyperglycemia

More Related Videos

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain08:32

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Published on: January 4, 2018

10.3K
Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique07:35

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Blood Glucose Homeostasis in Murine Brain Using a Cost-Effective Hyperglycemic And Hypoglycemic Clamp Technique

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.4K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.6K
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
165
Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
256
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
257
Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
Short-acting insulins are divided into...
188
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.3K