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GTP-cyclohydrolases: a review.

N Blau, A Niederwieser

    Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry. Zeitschrift Fur Klinische Chemie Und Klinische Biochemie
    |April 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    GTP-cyclohydrolases are enzymes involved in essential biological pathways. GTP-cyclohydrolase I is key for tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis, impacting aromatic amino acid metabolism and linked to a rare genetic disorder.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Enzymology

    Background:

    • GTP-cyclohydrolases catalyze the removal of the C-8 atom from GTP.
    • They play crucial roles in mammalian and non-mammalian biological systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the occurrence, properties, and functions of GTP-cyclohydrolases.
    • To highlight the significance of GTP-cyclohydrolase I in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of GTP-cyclohydrolase functions.
    • Analysis of enzyme mechanisms and pathways.

    Main Results:

    • GTP-cyclohydrolase I produces D-erythro-7, 8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate, a precursor to tetrahydrobiopterin.
    • GTP-cyclohydrolase II is involved in riboflavin biosynthesis.

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  • GTP-cyclohydrolase I is a rate-limiting enzyme in many mammals but not humans.
  • Deficiency in GTP-cyclohydrolase I causes a variant of tetrahydrobiopterin-deficient hyperphenylalaninaemia.

    • Conclusions:

    • GTP-cyclohydrolases are vital enzymes with distinct roles in metabolic pathways.
    • GTP-cyclohydrolase I deficiency presents a specific genetic disorder impacting neurotransmitter synthesis.