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Personality Traits and Family SES Moderate the Relationship between Media Multitasking and Reasoning Performance.

Yuning Ma1, Jinrong Yin1, Hongzhou Xuan1

  • 1Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.

Journal of Intelligence
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Summary

Media multitasking negatively impacts reasoning skills, especially for individuals with lower conscientiousness, extraversion, openness, and family socioeconomic status (SES). Protective factors like higher personality scores and SES can buffer these detrimental effects.

Keywords:
Family SESmedia multitaskingmoderation effectpersonality traitsreasoning

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Media Psychology
  • Individual Differences

Background:

  • Media multitasking is prevalent, yet its cognitive effects remain debated.
  • Existing research lacks consensus on the relationship between media multitasking and cognitive performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the moderating roles of personality traits and family socioeconomic status (SES) on the media multitasking-reasoning performance link.
  • To identify factors that may mitigate the negative cognitive consequences of media multitasking.

Main Methods:

  • A large sample (n=777) of university students completed assessments for media multitasking, reasoning ability, personality (Big Five, impulsiveness, grit), and family SES.
  • Statistical analyses were employed to examine moderation effects.

Main Results:

  • A negative correlation was found between media multitasking and reasoning performance.
  • Conscientiousness, extraversion, openness, and family SES significantly moderated this relationship.
  • Media multitasking was more detrimental to reasoning for individuals with lower levels of these traits and SES.

Conclusions:

  • Personality traits and family SES act as crucial moderators in the media multitasking-cognition relationship.
  • Higher levels of conscientiousness, extraversion, openness, and family SES may protect against the negative cognitive impacts of media multitasking.
  • This study provides a novel moderation model and identifies key protective factors.