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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
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A systematic review of visual processing in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).

Gemma Virgili1, Erica Neill2, Peter Enticott3

  • 1Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia.

Psychiatry Research
|June 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) show visual processing deficits, including issues with facial recognition and attention to detail. Further research is needed to clarify these visual anomalies for better BDD treatment.

Keywords:
Behavioral outcomesBody dysmorphic disorderNeuropsychologyVisual processing

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by a preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance.
  • Visual processing anomalies are increasingly studied in BDD, but consistent behavioral patterns are not well-established.
  • Existing literature lacks a comprehensive overview of visual processing in BDD.

Approach:

  • This systematic review analyzed studies on visual processing in individuals with BDD.
  • Articles were sourced from MEDLINE and PubMed, focusing on research published after 1990.
  • Inclusion criteria required a clinical BDD group and relevant visual processing data.

Key Points:

  • Individuals with BDD exhibit deficits in emotional face processing.
  • A potential overreliance on detail processing and aberrant eye-scanning behaviors were observed.
  • BDD samples may show a tendency to overvalue attractiveness.

Conclusions:

  • Consistent evidence points to visual processing deficits in BDD, though the specific nature remains unclear.
  • Heterogeneity in BDD samples and experimental designs contribute to inconsistent findings.
  • Distinguishing BDD deficits from those in OCD or eating disorders presents challenges.