Persistent clot anuria complicating renal transplant biopsy

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Transplant Surgery
• Urology

Background:

• Renal transplant biopsy is a common diagnostic procedure.
• Serious complications from renal transplant biopsy are generally considered infrequent.

Observation:

• A study reviewed 43 renal transplant biopsies performed between July 1981 and March 1984.
• Four patients experienced anuria due to upper urinary tract obstruction by blood clots post-biopsy.

Findings:

• Three patients (7%) developed persistent clot-induced anuria and subsequent renal function deterioration.
• While blood clots often resolve spontaneously, this complication can lead to significant morbidity.

Implications:

• Increased awareness of post-biopsy clot formation and urinary obstruction is crucial for clinicians.
• Retrograde pyelography and ureteral catheterization are recommended for diagnosis and treatment.
• Percutaneous techniques should be reserved for cases where ureteral catheterization is unsuccessful.