Currently Available Treatment Modalities for Uterine Fibroids

Area of Science:

• Gynecology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are the most common benign gynecological condition.
• They frequently cause abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, infertility, and obstetric complications.
• Approximately one-third of affected women require treatment for symptomatic fibroids.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review all currently available treatment modalities for uterine fibroids.
• To outline current management strategies, emphasizing symptom control and fertility preservation.

Main Methods:

• An extensive literature search was conducted for surgical, medical, and other treatment options.
• Data on minimally invasive techniques and medical therapies were compiled.

Main Results:

• Current treatments include hysterectomy, myomectomy (via hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, or laparotomy), and minimally invasive radiologic/ultrasound-guided interventions.
• Medical options (progestogens, oral contraceptives, GnRH agonists/antagonists) are primarily for short-term bleeding control.
• Selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPMRs) show promise for long-term intermittent use, reducing bleeding and fibroid size.

Conclusions:

• Fibroid treatment must be individualized based on symptom severity and the patient's fertility desires.
• Management strategies balance symptom relief with the preservation of future fertility.