Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 22, 2025
09:02
A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
Published on: February 2, 2021
4.4K
Advanced Interatrial Block across the Spectrum of Renal Function.
Marco Marano1, Luigi Senigalliesi1, Rossella Cocola1
1Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Maria Rosaria Clinic, Via Colle San Bartolomeo, 80045 Pompei, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|June 27, 2024
Summary
Advanced interatrial block (IAB) prevalence increases with worsening kidney function, particularly in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. This condition may indicate uremic cardiomyopathy and warrants further prognostic investigation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Electrophysiology
Background:
- Interatrial block (IAB) signifies delayed conduction between the right and left atria.
- Limited data exist on partial and advanced IAB prevalence across chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages.
- Understanding IAB in CKD is crucial for assessing cardiac implications in renal disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and patterns of advanced IAB in patients with varying degrees of renal function, including those on dialysis.
- To identify clinical characteristics associated with advanced IAB in the context of chronic kidney disease.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective, single-center study included 151 patients categorized by CKD stage.
- Evaluated IAB prevalence, patterns, and associated clinical factors.
- Compared patients with CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) to a control group.
Main Results:
- Advanced IAB prevalence was significantly higher in CKD (17.8%) and ESKD (24.5%) groups compared to controls (5.3%).
- Partial IAB prevalence was lower in ESKD (36.7%) versus controls (59.6%).
- Atypical IAB patterns were more frequent in CKD and ESKD patients.
Conclusions:
- Progressive renal function decline correlates with increased advanced IAB prevalence.
- Advanced IAB may serve as an indicator of uremic cardiomyopathy.
- Further research is needed to establish the prognostic significance of advanced IAB in CKD.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
419
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
419
01:25Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors
557
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
557
01:22Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers
1.3K
Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are used to treat various types of arrhythmias or irregular heart rhythms. These drugs block the sodium (Na+) channels in the cardiac cells, thereby affecting the movement of electrical impulses across the heart. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are divided into three subgroups: Class IA, Class IB, and Class IC, each with distinct mechanisms of action and effects on the heart.
Class 1A Antiarrhythmic Drugs: These drugs work by moderately blocking sodium channels,...
Class 1A Antiarrhythmic Drugs: These drugs work by moderately blocking sodium channels,...
1.3K
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
81
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
81
01:22Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics
362
Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
362
01:24Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers
735
Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
735