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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Establishing MASLD Cell Models for Investigating Disease Mechanisms and the Lipid-Lowering Effects of Koumiss
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The Associations between Healthy Eating Patterns and Risk of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver

Xia Huang1,2,3, Da Gan3, Yahui Fan2

  • 1The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.

Nutrients
|June 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Adhering to healthy eating patterns, particularly those rich in vegetables and whole grains, significantly reduces the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). These dietary approaches are recommended for MASLD prevention.

Keywords:
Alternate Healthy Eating IndexAlternative Mediterranean DietDietary Approaches to Stop Hypertensionmetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseasevegetableswhole grain

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Hepatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies suggest a link between healthy diets and reduced risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
  • Limited understanding exists regarding specific food contributions to MASLD risk and the impact of dietary patterns on disease severity.
  • This study investigated the association between healthy eating patterns and MASLD risk and severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between adherence to healthy dietary patterns and the risk of developing MASLD.
  • To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and the severity of MASLD.
  • To identify specific food components within healthy diets that contribute to MASLD risk reduction.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 228 MASLD patients and 228 controls.
  • Dietary intake assessed using validated food-frequency questionnaires to calculate Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), DASH, and AMED scores.
  • MASLD diagnosis confirmed by ultrasound and cardiometabolic risk factors; logistic regression used to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Main Results:

  • Higher adherence to AHEI, DASH, and AMED scores was associated with significantly reduced MASLD risk (ORs ranging from 0.38 to 0.46).
  • Inverse associations were stronger in women for AHEI and DASH, and in normal-weight individuals for AMED.
  • Increased vegetable and whole grain intake within AHEI showed significant inverse associations with MASLD risk.

Conclusions:

  • Greater adherence to healthy dietary patterns, particularly those emphasizing vegetables and whole grains, is linked to a lower risk of MASLD.
  • These findings support the recommendation of healthy eating patterns for MASLD prevention.
  • Dietary interventions focusing on specific food groups may be beneficial for managing MASLD risk.