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Published on: January 22, 2016
Injection preparation filtration and health concerns among indigenous people who inject methamphetamine
Michael Anastario1, Andrea Suarez2, Olivia Williamson2
1Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States.
Introduction:
Injecting methamphetamine poses significant health risks, but little is known about how methamphetamine injectors filter their injection preparations and experience related health concerns.
Methods:
A chain-referral sample of Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine (n = 30) was recruited and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect information on filtration practices and health concerns.
Results:
Filtration of the injection preparation was described by 53% of injectors. Elevated levels of concern for kidney disease, cancer and heart disease were observed among those who filtered their preparations (ranging from 50 to 56.3%). Concern about liver disease was the most frequent concern among those who filtered their preparations (62.5%) and was elevated in comparison to those who did not use filters (7.1%). Grouped logistic regression revealed a positive association between filtration of the injection preparation and overall health concerns expressed by injectors, after adjusting for gender and age. The marginal posterior distribution of the adjusted odds ratio for filtration of the injection preparation had a posterior median = 35.7, and 95% HPD interval = (5.1, 512.4).
Discussion:
Results illustrate a positive relationship between filtration of the injection preparation and health concerns among Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine. This likely reflects the use of filtration to reduce harms, and further research is needed to understand the full scope of prevention that may be associated with filtration of methamphetamine injection preparations.
Insights
Indigenous methamphetamine injectors who filter their preparations report more health concerns. Filtration may be used for harm reduction, but is associated with increased worries about kidney, cancer, and heart diseases.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Drug Use Studies
- Indigenous Health
Background:
- Injecting methamphetamine carries significant health risks.
- Limited understanding exists regarding filtration practices among methamphetamine injectors and their associated health concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore filtration practices and health concerns among Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine.
- To investigate the relationship between filtration and reported health concerns.
Main Methods:
- A chain-referral sampling method was used to recruit 30 Indigenous methamphetamine injectors.
- Semistructured interviews were conducted to gather data on filtration practices and health concerns.
Main Results:
- 53% of participants reported filtering their methamphetamine preparations.
- Those who filtered preparations reported elevated concerns for kidney disease, cancer, and heart disease.
- Filtration was positively associated with overall health concerns, particularly liver disease.
Conclusions:
- A positive association exists between filtering methamphetamine injection preparations and increased health concerns among Indigenous injectors.
- Filtration may be employed as a harm reduction strategy.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the preventive aspects of filtration in methamphetamine injection.
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