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Women With Acute Aortic Dissection Have Higher Prehospital Mortality Than Men
Kyohei Marume1,2,3, Teruo Noguchi3, Ryota Kaichi1
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miyazaki Prefectural Nobeoka Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.
JACC. Advances
|June 28, 2024
Summary
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is often fatal before hospital arrival. This study found women with AAD experienced higher prehospital mortality than men, despite similar overall incidence rates.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Public Health
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a critical condition frequently resulting in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and pre-hospital mortality.
- Understanding demographic variations in AAD incidence and outcomes is crucial for public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare the incidence of acute aortic dissection (AAD) between sexes.
- To identify sex-specific differences in AAD presentation and mortality.
Main Methods:
- A population-based study utilized postmortem computed tomography data from 2008-2020 in a city of 121,180 residents.
- Incidence rates, incidence rate ratios, and odds ratios were calculated using Poisson and logistic regression analyses.
Main Results:
- The overall AAD incidence was comparable between sexes (16.7/100,000 in men vs. 15.7/100,000 in women).
- Women with AAD were older, more likely to have type A AAD, and exhibited significantly higher prehospital mortality (37% vs. 21%).
- Women constituted a higher proportion of AAD cases among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients (11% vs. 3.9%).
Conclusions:
- Women with acute aortic dissection (AAD) face a higher likelihood of prehospital death compared to men.
- These findings highlight a critical sex-based disparity in AAD outcomes, particularly concerning pre-hospital mortality.
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