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The Brassica napus phytoglobin 1 (BnPgb1) mitigates the decrease in plant fertility resulting from high temperature

Shimaa Ibrahim1, Mohammed M Mira1, Robert D Hill1

  • 1Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada.

Journal of Plant Physiology
|June 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High temperatures harm Brassica napus fertility by reducing pollen viability. Overexpressing the phytoglobin BnPgb1 gene protects plants against heat stress by enhancing antioxidant defenses.

Keywords:
Brassica napusHeat stressPhytoglobinPlant fertility

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Stress Physiology

Background:

  • High temperature stress during flowering negatively impacts plant fertility and productivity.
  • Brassica napus plants exhibit reduced flower and silique formation, lower seed counts, and decreased pollen viability under heat stress.
  • Heat stress elevates class 1 phytoglobin BnPgb1 transcripts and protein levels, with preferential accumulation in anther walls.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Brassica napus phytoglobin 1 (BnPgb1) in plant fertility under high temperature stress.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which BnPgb1 influences antioxidant responses and mitigates heat-induced damage in Brassica napus anthers.

Main Methods:

  • Brassica napus plants were subjected to daily cycles of controlled heat stress (23°C to 35°C).
  • Transcript and protein levels of BnPgb1 were analyzed under heat stress conditions.
  • The effects of BnPgb1 over-expression and down-regulation on plant fertility and anther physiology were assessed.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, oxidative damage, and antioxidant enzyme activities (AOA, MDHAR, DHAR, APX, SOD) were measured in anthers.

Main Results:

  • Over-expression of BnPgb1 attenuated the reduction in plant fertility caused by heat stress, while down-regulation exacerbated it.
  • BnPgb1 over-expression limited the rise in ROS and ROS-induced damage in anthers under heat stress.
  • Heat stress decreased anther ascorbic acid (AsA) by promoting its oxidation and limiting regeneration; BnPgb1 over-expression maintained higher AsA levels.
  • Anthers with over-expressed BnPgb1 showed increased activities of DHAR, MDHAR, APX, and SOD.

Conclusions:

  • BnPgb1 plays a crucial role in protecting Brassica napus fertility against high temperature stress.
  • BnPgb1 potentiates antioxidant responses, including maintaining ascorbic acid levels and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities, thereby mitigating heat-induced damage.
  • BnPgb1 is a key factor in Brassica napus's adaptation to high temperature environments.