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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Invasive Hemodynamic Characterization of the Portal-hypertensive Syndrome in Cirrhotic Rats
Published on: August 1, 2018
The Pathophysiology of Portal Hypertension
Resham Ramkissoon1, Sheng Cao2, Vijay H Shah3
1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street, SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
Abstract:
This article reviews the pathophysiology of portal hypertension that includes multiple mechanisms internal and external to the liver. This article starts with a review of literature describing the cellular and molecular mechanisms of portal hypertension, microvascular thrombosis, sinusoidal venous congestion, portal angiogenesis, vascular hypocontractility, and hyperdynamic circulation. Mechanotransduction and the gut-liver axis, which are newer areas of research, are reviewed. Dysfunction of this axis contributes to chronic liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and portal hypertension. Sequelae of portal hypertension are discussed in subsequent studies.
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