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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Studying Protein Function and the Role of Altered Protein Expression by Antibody Interference and Three-dimensional Reconstructions
Published on: April 21, 2016
14-3-3 Family of Proteins: Biological Implications, Molecular Interactions, and Potential Intervention in Cancer,
Zheng Yao Low1, Ashley Jia Wen Yip1, Alvin Man Lung Chan2
1School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
Abstract:
The 14-3-3 family of proteins are highly conserved acidic eukaryotic proteins (25-32 kDa) abundantly present in the body. Through numerous binding partners, the 14-3-3 is responsible for many essential cellular pathways, such as cell cycle regulation and gene transcription control. Hence, its dysregulation has been linked to the onset of critical illnesses such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and viral infections. Interestingly, explorative studies have revealed an inverse correlation of 14-3-3 protein in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, and the direct manipulation of 14-3-3 by virus to enhance infection capacity has dramatically extended its significance. Of these, COVID-19 has been linked to the 14-3-3 proteins by the interference of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein during virion assembly. Given its predisposition towards multiple essential host signalling pathways, it is vital to understand the holistic interactions between the 14-3-3 protein to unravel its potential therapeutic unit in the future. As such, the general structure and properties of the 14-3-3 family of proteins, as well as their known biological functions and implications in cancer, neurodegeneration, and viruses, were covered in this review. Furthermore, the potential therapeutic target of 14-3-3 proteins in the associated diseases was discussed.
Insights
The 14-3-3 proteins are crucial for cell regulation but linked to diseases like cancer and viral infections. Understanding their interactions may reveal future therapeutic targets for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The 14-3-3 proteins are conserved acidic eukaryotic proteins involved in numerous cellular processes.
- Their functions include cell cycle regulation and gene transcription control.
- Dysregulation of 14-3-3 proteins is implicated in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structure, properties, and biological functions of 14-3-3 proteins.
- To discuss the implications of 14-3-3 proteins in diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and viral infections.
- To explore the potential of 14-3-3 proteins as therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on 14-3-3 proteins.
- Analysis of the role of 14-3-3 proteins in various disease contexts.
- Discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting 14-3-3 proteins.
Main Results:
- 14-3-3 proteins exhibit an inverse correlation in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
- Viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, manipulate 14-3-3 proteins for replication.
- The review covers the known functions and disease associations of 14-3-3 proteins.
Conclusions:
- 14-3-3 proteins are vital signaling mediators with significant roles in health and disease.
- Targeting 14-3-3 proteins presents a promising therapeutic avenue for cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections.
- Further research into 14-3-3 protein interactions is crucial for developing novel treatments.
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