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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Laparoscopic Anterior Right Hepatectomy: A Single-Center Experience
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Hepatic grooves: An observational study at laparoscopic surgery.

Shamir O Cawich1, Dexter A Thomas2, Fawwaz Mohammed3

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of the West Indies, St Augustine 000000, Trinidad and Tobago. socawich@hotmail.com.

World Journal of Experimental Medicine
|July 1, 2024
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Summary

Prominent liver surface depressions are linked to diaphragmatic muscular bands, not rib issues. This finding supports the diaphragmatic-band theory for liver surface anomalies.

Keywords:
HepaticLiverSurgeryVariantVein

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Surgical Anatomy
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Liver surface anatomy is typically smooth and convex.
  • Deep surface depressions are a variant found in 5%-40% of patients.
  • The relationship between liver surface depressions and the diaphragm requires clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between liver surface depressions and the diaphragm.
  • To explore potential causes of liver surface anomalies.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study involving 394 patients undergoing laparoscopic upper gastro-intestinal operations.
  • Laparoscopic inspection of the liver and diaphragm using a 30-degree laparoscope.
  • Recording of patient demographics, diaphragmatic bands, rib protrusions, and compression sources in cases with liver surface depressions.

Main Results:

  • 51 out of 394 patients (12.9%) exhibited prominent liver surface depressions.
  • No significant relationship was found between liver surface depressions and gender or rib projections.
  • A significant association (P < 0.001) was identified between liver surface depressions and diaphragmatic muscular bands.

Conclusions:

  • The diaphragmatic-band theory is strongly supported as an explanation for liver surface depressions.
  • Further research with cross-sectional imaging and beta-catenin assays is recommended.
  • Understanding these anatomical variations is crucial for liver disease assessment.