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High-resolution Fiber-optic Microendoscopy for in situ Cellular Imaging
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Optical Fiber-Based Needle Shape Sensing in Real Tissue: Single Core vs. Multicore Approaches.

Dimitri A Lezcano1, Yernar Zhetpissov1, Alexandra Cheng2

  • 1Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St., Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.

Journal of Medical Robotics Research
|July 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-core fiber optic sensors outperform multicore sensors for real-time needle shape sensing in ex-vivo tissue. This advancement improves flexible needle insertion in minimally-invasive surgeries, enhancing patient safety and outcomes.

Keywords:
fiber-Bragg grating (FBG)flexible needlesmulticore fiberneedle shape-sensingpercutaneous insertions

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Surgical Technology
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Flexible needle insertion is crucial for minimally-invasive surgeries, particularly in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.
  • Bevel-tip needles allow for steered insertions to avoid vital structures and minimize patient discomfort.
  • Real-time 3D needle shape sensing is essential for accurate placement feedback during procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly compare the performance of single-core and multicore fiber-based optical shape sensors for needle insertion.
  • To evaluate sensor performance in both phantom and ex-vivo tissue models.
  • To present a standardized experimental platform for comparing needle shape-sensing technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Development of similarly constructed, four-active area sensorized bevel-tip needles using both single-core and multicore fiber Bragg gratings.
  • Insertion of sensorized needles into phantom and ex-vivo tissue models on a unified experimental platform.
  • Statistical analysis of shape-sensing accuracy and performance in both tissue types.

Main Results:

  • In phantom tissue, both single-core and multicore fiber sensors demonstrated statistically identical performance (p=0.164).
  • In ex-vivo tissue, the single-core fiber sensor significantly outperformed the multicore fiber sensor (p=0.0005).
  • The study presents a novel experimental platform for direct comparison of optical needle shape sensors.

Conclusions:

  • Single-core fiber-based shape sensors offer superior performance for real-time needle tracking in biological tissues compared to multicore configurations.
  • The findings provide critical insights for optimizing sensorized needles for enhanced surgical navigation and patient safety.
  • Future research should focus on leveraging these findings for the constructive optimization of sensorized needles in clinical applications.