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Fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite for alveolar ridge preservation
P M Prathibha1, N G Thomas2,3, Y B Dalvi3
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Pushpagiri Medical Society, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India.
Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry
|July 2, 2024
Summary
Fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite (FSHA) effectively preserves alveolar bone volume after tooth extraction. This biocompatible material promotes significant new bone formation, offering a promising alternative for dental restorations.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Regenerative Medicine
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction complicates dental restorations.
- Maintaining bone volume and architecture is crucial for successful prosthetics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate fish scale-derived hydroxyapatite (FSHA) as a socket preservation graft material.
- To assess FSHA's biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, and in vivo bone regeneration capacity.
Main Methods:
- FSHA was extracted from *Labeo rohita* fish scales and characterized (FTIR).
- In vitro studies used Saos-2 cells to assess biocompatibility and osteogenic potential (MTT, scratch assays).
- In vivo studies in rats compared FSHA to a commercial xenograft and controls, with histological analysis at 8 weeks.
Main Results:
- FTIR confirmed FSHA purity and homogeneity.
- In vitro, FSHA enhanced Saos-2 cell viability, migration, and proliferation.
- In vivo, FSHA showed superior bone regeneration, balanced resorption (50-60% at 8 weeks), and active incorporation into new bone compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- FSHA is a biocompatible and osteogenic biomaterial suitable for alveolar ridge preservation.
- It effectively promotes bone regeneration and maintains alveolar bone architecture.
- FSHA presents a viable alternative to existing graft materials for socket preservation.
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