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Updated: May 6, 2026

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Sample preparation and detection methods in point-of-care devices towards future at-home testing.

George Adedokun1, Morteza Alipanah1, Z Hugh Fan1,2,3

  • 1Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116250, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. hfan@ufl.edu.

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Summary

Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, including at-home testing, are crucial for global health access. This review highlights advances in sample preparation and detection methods to improve POC devices for early disease detection and personalized healthcare.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Diagnostics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Effective healthcare relies on timely diagnosis, but global access to basic diagnostics is limited.
  • Point-of-care (POC) testing provides rapid, low-cost diagnostic solutions at the patient's location.
  • At-home POC devices offer significant potential for advancing preventive care and early disease detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in sample preparation and detection methods for POC diagnostics.
  • To provide an in-depth understanding of how these technologies can enhance at-home POC devices.
  • To accelerate progress towards accessible, user-friendly at-home health monitoring tools.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research in POC diagnostic technologies.
  • Focus on sample preparation techniques relevant to POC settings.
  • Analysis of detection methods including lateral flow assays, nucleic acid tests, and virus detection.

Main Results:

  • Lateral flow assays, nucleic acid tests, and virus detection methods are key POC technologies.
  • These methods offer rapid and sensitive tools for identifying pathogens and biomarkers.
  • Advancements in assay development are crucial for POC diagnostic capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Effective sample preparation and detection are essential for accurate at-home POC diagnostics.
  • Innovations in POC technology can empower individuals with personalized healthcare.
  • The review illuminates cutting-edge research to foster the development of future health monitoring tools.