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Costs of Presenteeism and Absenteeism Associated With Psychological Distress Among Male and Female Older Workers: A
Mahée Gilbert-Ouimet1, Hélène Sultan-Taïeb, Karine Aubé
1From the Department of Health Sciences, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Lévis, Canada (M.G.-O., K.A., L.M.); Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Unit, CHU Research Center FRQS of the CHU of Quebec City, Canada (M.G.-O., L.M., X.T., C.B., J.R.G.); Department of Organization and Human Resources, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada (H.S.-T.); and Social and Preventive Medicine Department, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada (X.T., C.B., J.R.G.).
Objective:
We estimated, for women and men (1) the associations between psychological distress and the prevalences of presenteeism and absenteeism, (2) average hours lost annually per person, and (3) costs from the employers' economic perspective.
Methods:
Participants were 1292 Canadian white-collar workers. Psychological distress, presenteeism, and absenteeism were assessed with validated questionnaires. The average annual hours of productivity loss and related costs were estimated using generalized linear models with a negative binomial distribution and a log link.
Results:
High psychological distress in women and men was associated with presenteeism costs ($6944 and $8432) and absenteeism costs ($2337 and $2796 per person). The association between psychological distress and annual hours lost to presenteeism was twice stronger for men than women.
Conclusions:
Productivity losses associated with psychological distress are high in women and men older workers.
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