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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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HIV and Substance Use Disorders.

Audun J Lier1, Adati Tarfa2, Sheela V Shenoi3

  • 1Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University; Northport Veterans Administration Medical Center, 79 Middleville Road, Northport, NY 11768, USA.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
|July 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and substance use disorder (SUD) are intertwined. Effective treatment strategies and public health efforts are crucial for engaging people with SUD into HIV care.

Keywords:
HIVIntegrated careSubstance use disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Over 1.2 million Americans have diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  • HIV incidence is declining, but risks persist for people who use drugs (PWUD) through injection drug use and sexual transmission.
  • Untreated substance use disorder (SUD) negatively impacts HIV treatment adherence and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the syndemic of HIV and SUD.
  • To outline current treatment strategies for this population.
  • To highlight evidence-based public health efforts for engaging and retaining PWUD in care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on HIV and SUD.
  • Analysis of public health initiatives targeting PWUD.
  • Description of integrated care models.

Main Results:

  • HIV and SUD present a complex syndemic, increasing health risks.
  • Integrated treatment approaches show promise for improving outcomes.
  • Public health efforts are vital for addressing barriers to care for PWUD.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing the syndemic of HIV and SUD requires comprehensive, integrated care.
  • Enhanced public health strategies are essential for patient engagement and retention.
  • Continued research and implementation of evidence-based interventions are critical.