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3D Printed Interdigitated Electrodes for Cardiac Biomarker Detection.

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    IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience
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    A novel 3D printed sensor using conductive polylactic acid (PLA) can detect cardiac troponin I, a key biomarker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), at clinically relevant levels for under $0.4.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Biomarker identification is crucial for early disease diagnosis and treatment.
    • There's a growing need for cost-effective, disposable point-of-care diagnostic devices.
    • Interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) are sensitive, low-cost transducers widely used in biosensors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a simple 3D printed IDE structure for cardiac troponin I detection.
    • To assess the potential for rapid and specific biomarker detection at the point-of-care.
    • To create a low-cost fabrication method for diagnostic sensors.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of IDEs using a 3D printing technique with electrically conductive polylactic acid (PLA) filament.
    • Utilized electrochemical analytical techniques, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV).
    • Quantified cardiac troponin I concentration to determine sensor performance.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a quantification limit of 0.233 ng/mL and a detection limit of 76.97 pg/mL for cardiac troponin I.
    • Demonstrated clinically significant ranges for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) identification.
    • Fabrication cost for IDEs was under US $0.4 per sensor.

    Conclusions:

    • A 3D printed IDE sensor using conductive PLA is effective for cardiac troponin I detection.
    • This low-cost fabrication method enables the development of accessible point-of-care diagnostic devices.
    • The methodology is adaptable for detecting various other biomarkers.