Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

3.1K
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The effects of locomotion and steering methods in virtual reality on unintended positional drift.

Applied ergonomics·2025
Same author

Ergonomic insights into bicycle design: the significance of hip and shoulder adduction-abduction angles.

Ergonomics·2025
Same author

Switching between touch and voice: factors influencing modality selection in multimodal systems.

Ergonomics·2025
Same author

Developing and validating a Chinese human-automation trust scale: Advancing trust measurement of emerging automation in sustainable ergonomics.

Applied ergonomics·2025
Same author

Task loading of soldering workers in small-scale manufacturing units.

International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE·2025
Same author

Development and validation of e-scooter riding behavior questionnaire (ERBQ) among Korean riders.

Ergonomics·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation with Robotic Technologies for Improved Motor Recovery and Functional Outcomes
04:49

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation with Robotic Technologies for Improved Motor Recovery and Functional Outcomes

Published on: September 6, 2024

707

Physical loads on upper extremity muscles while interacting with virtual objects in an augmented reality context.

Chae Heon Lim1, Min Chul Cha2, Seul Chan Lee1

  • 1Department of Human Computer Interaction, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Republic of Korea.

Applied Ergonomics
|July 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigated physical strain in augmented reality (AR) drag-and-drop tasks. Increased movement distance (MD) raised physical load, while target-to-user distance (TTU) had mixed effects on muscle activity and perceived workload.

Keywords:
Augmented realityDrag-and-drop taskElectromyographPhysical load

More Related Videos

Haptic/Graphic Rehabilitation: Integrating a Robot into a Virtual Environment Library and Applying it to Stroke Therapy
13:44

Haptic/Graphic Rehabilitation: Integrating a Robot into a Virtual Environment Library and Applying it to Stroke Therapy

Published on: August 8, 2011

13.8K
Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation
05:52

Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation

Published on: March 8, 2018

18.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation with Robotic Technologies for Improved Motor Recovery and Functional Outcomes
04:49

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation with Robotic Technologies for Improved Motor Recovery and Functional Outcomes

Published on: September 6, 2024

707
Haptic/Graphic Rehabilitation: Integrating a Robot into a Virtual Environment Library and Applying it to Stroke Therapy
13:44

Haptic/Graphic Rehabilitation: Integrating a Robot into a Virtual Environment Library and Applying it to Stroke Therapy

Published on: August 8, 2011

13.8K
Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation
05:52

Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation

Published on: March 8, 2018

18.8K

Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Augmented Reality Systems
  • Ergonomics and Human Factors

Background:

  • Augmented reality (AR) interfaces are increasingly prevalent, offering immersive user experiences.
  • A significant challenge in AR is the physical strain experienced by users during interaction.
  • Understanding factors contributing to physical load is crucial for designing comfortable AR applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of movement distance (MD) and target-to-user distance (TTU) on physical load in AR drag-and-drop (DND) tasks.
  • To quantify physical load using objective (electromyography) and subjective (NASA-TLX) measures.
  • To identify optimal parameters for AR interaction design to minimize user strain.

Main Methods:

  • A within-subject experimental design with 5 levels each of MD (16-80 cm) and TTU (40-200 cm).
  • Physical load assessed via normalized electromyography (NEMG) of upper extremity muscles and NASA-Task Load Index (TLX).
  • Data analysis focused on the main effects and interaction effects of MD and TTU on physical load indicators.

Main Results:

  • Both NEMG and subjective workload increased significantly with greater MD.
  • NEMG increased as TTU decreased, indicating higher muscle strain with closer targets.
  • Subjective workload increased with greater TTU, suggesting perceived effort rises with distance.
  • Significant interaction effects between MD and TTU were observed for NEMG.

Conclusions:

  • Movement distance and target-to-user distance significantly influence physical load in AR DND tasks.
  • Designers should carefully consider MD and TTU to mitigate user physical strain in AR environments.
  • Optimizing these parameters can lead to more ergonomic and user-friendly AR interfaces.