Multiple Anomalous Coronary Arteries With Right Sinus of Valsalva Origin: A Case Report

Coronary artery anomalies (CAA) define a wide array of congenital abnormalities that stem from the origin, course, and distribution of coronary arteries. CAAs can lead to severe complications such as arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, and even sudden cardiac death. We describe the case of a 58-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with chest discomfort and shortness of breath and received a workup for acute coronary syndrome. She underwent a cardiac catheterization, which incidentally found an anomalous left anterior descending artery with a right sinus of Valsalva origin, an absent left circumflex coronary artery, and a dominant right coronary artery of unusually large caliber and distribution. There were no identified atherosclerotic plaques. This anomalous configuration of the coronary arteries is exceptionally rare. She required medical management with daily oral acetylsalicylic acid 81 mg, atorvastatin 80 mg, twice daily metoprolol tartrate 50 mg, and hydrocodone/acetaminophen 7.5mg/325 mg oral tablet to be taken every 4 h, as needed for severe pain. Despite optimal medical management, she continued to have chronic angina. A surgical evaluation by a cardiovascular surgeon deemed her anomaly to be inoperable.