Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Isolation of Leukocytes from Human Breast Milk for Use in an Antibody-dependent Cellular Phagocytosis Assay of HIV Targets
Published on: September 6, 2019
Advances in HIV Management During Pregnancy and Infant Feeding
Mariana Espinal1, Lynn M Yee1, Stephanie A Fisher1
1Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 250 East Superior Street, Suite 05-2303, Chicago, IL, USA.
Abstract:
Recent advances in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) management during pregnancy and infant feeding encompass several key elements: expanded HIV testing guidance; growing evidence of safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic data favoring the use of preferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy and breastfeeding; increasing advocacy for the inclusion of pregnant individuals with HIV in clinical trials to expedite access to new ART; and updated guidelines supporting shared decision-making for choice of infant feeding methods in people with HIV.
Related Concept Videos
Retrovirus Life Cycles
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Development of Immunocompetence
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....

