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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

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Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due...
185

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
09:53

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Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Endoscopic Sinus and Skull Base Surgery: A Systematic Review With

Raewyn G Campbell1,2,3, Joshua R Zadro4, Andrew R Gamble1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|July 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) are highly prevalent in endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeons, affecting over 75% of practitioners. Further research is needed to explore pain and fatigue outcomes associated with these conditions.

Keywords:
endoscopic sinus surgeryendoscopic skull base surgeryergonomicsmusculoskeletal painneurosurgeonsoccupational diseasesotolaryngologistsposture

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Otolaryngology
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery offers improved patient outcomes.
  • However, these procedures may pose risks to surgeons' musculoskeletal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine the prevalence and characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) in endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeons.
  • Investigate factors contributing to WRMDs in this surgical population.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of ergonomic interventions on WRMD severity or prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search across Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus.
  • Inclusion of original peer-reviewed studies on work-related MSK outcomes in endoscopic sinus and/or skull base surgeons.
  • Bibliographic examination for additional relevant papers.

Main Results:

  • 37 studies from 25,772 citations met inclusion criteria.
  • Pooled prevalences for WRMDs were 75.9% (lifetime), 80.8% (point), and 82.0% (12-month).
  • The neck, lumbar, and thoracic spine were most commonly affected; intervention studies often focused on surrogate outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) are highly prevalent among endoscopic sinus and skull base surgeons.
  • There is a need for further research focusing on direct WRMD outcomes like pain and fatigue.